工签H-1B抽签后小心Cap-Gap,不然在美国会变成黑工

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一、Cap-Gap定义

Cap-Gap是指持有F-1学生签证的申请人在H-1B工作签证申请获批后的过渡期，以避免他们在身份转换期间出现身份中断的情况。

具体来说，Cap-Gap可以分为两种情况：

OPT的Cap-Gap延期（Cap-Gap Extension of OPT）:

如果F-1学生的OPT（Optional Practical Training，选择性实习训练）在H-1B申请递交和H-1B生效日期（通常是10月1日）之间到期，那么Cap-Gap允许他们的OPT自动延长，直到H-1B正式生效。这样学生可以在等待H-1B生效期间继续合法工作。

F-1身份的上限差距扩展（Cap-Gap Extension of F-1 Status）:

如果学生的OPT已经结束，但他们的H-1B申请已经递交且在处理过程中，他们的F-1身份将自动延长，直到H-1B申请的最终决定。这意味着即使他们的OPT已经过期，仍可以保持合法身份，直到H-1B生或拒绝。

总而言之，Cap-Gap主要用于确保F-1学生在H-1B工作签证生效之前不会因身份问题而中断在美国的合法停留和工作。

二、Cap-Gap期间能否工作？

Cap-Gap期间能否工作和申请H-1B能否工作保持一致：

如果申请H-1B时OPT并未过期，那在Cap-Gap期间也可以合法工作；如果在申请H－1B时OPT已过期，那在Cap-Gap期间不可以工作。

三、适用人群

只有符合以下条件的H-1B申请人才适用Cap-Gap：

提交H-1B申请时是F-1/OPT有效身份，包括60天宽限期；

提交的H-1B申请要求在美国境内转身份（Change of Status），选择境外转身份的不适用；

H-1B申请有名额限制且工作开始时间为10月1日。如果为学校、科研机构或非营利机构工作，不受名额限制，Cap-Gap不适用。

四、如何证明Cap-Gap身份？

Cap-Gap能延长到多久？

Cap-Gap会自动生效，但需学校开具新的I-20来证明：

Cap-Gap Extensions

Eligibility for an Extension

Cap-subject H-1Bpetitions that are timely filed for an eligible F-1 student that request a change of status to

H-1B on Oct. 1 qualify for a cap-gap extension.

Timely filed means that the H-1Bpetition (indicating change of status rather than consular processing) was

filed during the applicable H-1B filing period, which begins April 1 and while the student's authorized F-1

duration of status (D/S) admission was still in effect (including any period of time during the academic course

of study, any authorized periods of post-completion Optional Practical Training (OPT), and the 60-day

departure preparation period commonly known as the "grace period"). A cap-subject H-1B petition will not

be considered to be properly filed unless it is based on a valid, selected registration for the same beneficiary

and the appropriate fiscal year, unless the registration requirement is suspended.

Once the petitioner timely files a request to change status to H-1B on Oct. 1, the automatic cap-gap extension

will begin. If the student's H-1B petition is approved (or selected and approved if the registration requirement

is suspended), the student's cap-gap extension of status will continue through Sept.30. The cap-gap

extension of status will automatically terminate if the student's H-1B petition is denied, withdrawn, revoked,

rejected, or is not selected, or if the change of status request is denied or withdrawn even if the H-1Bpetition

is approved for consular processing. The student will have the standard 60-day grace period from the date

the extension of status terminated or their program end date, whichever is later, to depart the United States

(however, the 60-day grace period does not apply to an F-1 student whose accompanying change of status

request is denied or revoked due to a status violation, misrepresentation, or fraud).

Students are strongly encouraged to stay in close communication with their petitioning employer during the

cap-gap extension period for status updates on the H-1B petition processing.

Please note: F-1 students who have entered the 60-day grace period are not authorized to work. If an H 1B

cap-subject petition is properly filed for a student who has entered the 60-day grace period, the student will

receive the automatic extension of his or her F-1 status, but will not be authorized to work since the student

was not authorized to work at the time H-1Bpetition was filed.

提交H-1B收据（Receipt Notice）给学校，I-20身份延期到9月30日。

若身份快到期，但抽签结果未知，可提交H-1B寄件凭证，I-20延长至6月1日。抽中后提交Receipt Notice，I-20再延期到H-1B生效前一天。

如果H-1B未抽中或被拒绝，Cap-Gap终止，需在60天宽限期内离境或转换身份。

五、如果H-1B被拒绝、撤销或取消怎么办？

如果H-1B申请被拒绝、撤销或取消，Cap-Gap身份立即终止，有60天宽限期离境或转换身份。如果有欺骗或违反移民法情况，宽限期不适用，必须立即离境。

六、Cap-Gap期间离境需满足以下条件

1、H-1B申请已批准；

2、在H-1B生效前（10月1日）回到美国；

3、没有其他被拒绝入境的理由。

七、STEM OPT 24月延期与Cap-Gap规则

STEM OPT获得24个月延期还适用Cap-Gap，但如果H-1B被拒绝、撤销或取消，Cap-Gap延期也会终止，获得60天宽限期。

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