上个月公安部在京召开新闻发布会，宣布将已在16个省市的部分地区试点的12条移民与出入境便利政策推广复制，于8月1日起在全国范围内实施。那么，在十二条新政下，哪些外国人将收获申请“中国绿卡”的资格？除了“绿卡”外，新政还给外国人发了什么居留“福利”？ 

Last month, the Ministry of Public Security held a press conference in Beijing, announcing that 12 immigration and entry-exit facilitation policies, which have been piloted in some areas of 16 provinces and municipalities, will be replicated and implemented nationwide on 1 August. So, under the twelve new policies, which foreigners will be eligible to apply for the "China Green Card"? In addition to the "green card", what kind of residence "benefits" did the New Policy give foreigners?

一、哪些人可以申请永久居留？

Who can apply for permanent residence？

根据过去的规定，可以申请永久居留，即所谓“中国绿卡”的外国人分为四类：任职类、投资类、特殊贡献类和亲属投靠类。

According to past regulations, foreigners who can apply for permanent residence, namely the so-called "China Green Card" can be divided into four categories: Employment, Investment, Special contribution and Relatives.

其中，任职类申请人必须满足任职单位类别要求和职位级别要求。具体而言，申请人必须在国务院或省级政府、重点高校、高新技术企业等单位任职。同时，申请人还必须担任副总经理、副厂长以上职务，或者具有副高级以上职称，或者享受同等待遇。而特殊贡献类申请人是指对中国有重大、突出贡献以及国家特别需要的外国人，球星马布里就曾作为这一类申请人申请到“中国绿卡”。

Among them, applicants must satisfy the requirements of the type and level of the job units. Specifically, the applicant must serve in the State Council or provincial government, key universities, high-tech enterprises and other units. At the same time, the applicant must hold the post of deputy general manager, deputy factory director or above, or have the title of deputy senior or above, or enjoy the same treatment. Special contribution applicants refer to foreigners who have made significant and outstanding contributions to China and the special needs of the country. Soccer star Marbury has applied for the "China Green Card" as such applicants.

新政降低了任职类和特殊贡献类申请人的认定门槛，赋予以下三类外国人以申请资格：

The New Policy lowers the threshold for the recognition of applicants in the categories of Employment and Special contribution, and grants three categories of foreigners eligibility to apply:

1外籍高层次人才；

High-level foreign talents

2在华工作的外国人，连续工作满4年、每年实际居住不少于6个月，工资性年收入不低于上一年度所在地区城镇在岗职工平均工资的六倍，年缴纳个人所得税不低于工资性年收入标准的20%的；

If foreigners have worked continuously in China for four years and they live in China for six months or more each year, and the annual salary is not less than six times of the average salary of urban employees in the region of the previous year, and the annual individual income tax they pay is not less than 20% of the annual salary.

3在华工作的外籍华人，具有博士学历或在国家重点发展区域连续工作满4年、每年实际居住不少于6个月的。

If Chinese with foreign nationality working in China have a doctoral degree or have worked in national key development areas for four consecutive years, and stay in China for six months or more each year.

新增的三个类别中，第二类和第三类是对任职类申请人的扩充，覆盖人群较广。

Among the three newly added categories, the second and third categories are the expansion of Employment category applicants, covering a wide range of people.

第二类人才的纳入，打破了过去对任职类申请人的任职单位类别要求和职位级别要求，使得引进外籍人才的确定更贴合市场评价和市场需求。在一般企业任职的外国人、没有高级职称且不担任高级领导职务外国人，从此也可以申请永久居留。

The incorporation of the second type of talents has broken the previous requirements for Job Applicants' the category of incumbent units and levels of positions, making the determination of the introduction of foreign talents more suitable for market evaluation and market demand. Foreigners serving in general enterprises, who do not have senior titles and do not hold senior leadership positions, may also apply for permanent residence thereafter.

 第三类人才的认定特别要求外籍华人身份。相比非华裔外国人，外籍华人需要满足的申请条件要宽松得多：外籍华人只需要具有博士学历或满足工作、居住的时间、地点要求，无需赚取高薪、缴纳高额税款。条件中要求的“国家重点发展区域”，其所指尚待明确，但参考试点地区的范围，重点发展区域应大致包括自贸区、国家自主创新示范区、全面创新改革示范区和国家级新区。

The identification of the third type of talents particularly requires that you need to have the identity of Chinese of foreign nationality. Compared with other foreigners, the application conditions for Chinese of foreign nationality are much more relaxed: they only need to have a doctoral degree or meet the requirements of work, residence time and place, and they do not need to earn high salaries and pay high taxes. The "national key development areas" required in the conditions need to be clearly defined, but referring to the scope of the pilot areas, the key development areas should roughly include free trade zones, national independent innovation demonstration zones, comprehensive innovation and reform demonstration zones and national new zones.

第一类人才可视为对特殊贡献类申请人的扩充，覆盖面较第二、三类为窄。目前，各地对“外籍高层次人才”的认定标准大体相似但略有差异。总的来说，外籍高层次人才分为四类：

The first category of talents can be regarded as the expansion of the applicants of special contribution category, and the coverage is narrower than that of the second and third categories. At present, the criteria for identifying "foreign high-level talents" in each cities/areas are similar but slightly different. Generally speaking, foreign high-level talents can be divided into four categories:

1知名奖项获得者或高层次人才计划入选者；

Famous Award Winners or High Level Talents Program Selectee;

2知名专家、学者；

Famous experts and scholars;

3企业杰出人才、专业人才；

Outstanding Talents and Professionals in Enterprises;

4其他具有特殊专长并为当地紧缺急需的特殊人才。

Other special talents with special expertise and urgently needed locally.

这里所谓的“企业杰出人才、专业人才”，在实践中主要是指国有企业、高新技术企业、跨国公司和特定类型外资企业中，以及规模（限额）以上其他企业中的高级管理、技术人才和科研骨干等。

That so-called "outstanding talents and professionals of enterprises" here, in practice, it mainly refers to senior management, technical personnel and research backbone in state-owned enterprises, high-tech enterprises, transnational corporations and specific types of foreign-funded enterprises, as well as in other enterprises above the scale (quota).

二、哪些人可以申办最长5年期工作类居留许可？

Who can apply for a residence permit of up to five years？

新政除了放宽“中国绿卡”的申请条件，还让更多在华工作的外国人有机会申请到“准绿卡”——5年期居留许可。

In addition to relaxing the application conditions for "China Green Card", the new policy also gives more foreigners working in China the opportunity to apply for a "quasi-green card" - a five-year residence permit.

过去，工作类居留许可的申请条件规定在《外国人签证证件签发工作规范》中。根据该规范，只有外国高层次人才、急需紧缺专门人才和投资者，才可以申办最长5年期的工作类居留许可。一般外国人只能申办最长1年期或2年期的工作类居留许可。2018年2月起，公安部针对外籍华人实施了居留便利政策，在华工作的外籍华人从此可以申办最长5年期居留许可。

In the past, the application conditions for working residence permits were stipulated in the Work Standards for Issuing Foreigners Visa. According to this regulation, only foreign high-level talents, the urgent need for specialized talents and investors can apply for a residence permit for a maximum of five years. Generally speaking, foreigners can only apply for work-related residence permits of up to one or two years. Since February 2018, the Ministry of Public Security has implemented a residence convenience policy for Chinese of foreign nationality. From then on, Chinese of foreign nationality working in China can apply for a residence permit of up to five years.

此次新政，使得有权申办最长5年期工作类居留许可的外国人又增加了以下五类：

The new policy has added the following five categories to the list of foreigners who are entitled to apply for work-type residence permits for up to five years:

1国内重点高校、科研院所和知名企业邀请的外国专家学者，以及设区的市级以上人民政府有关部门认定的外籍高层次管理和专业技术人才；

Foreign experts and scholars invited by domestic key universities, scientific research institutes and well-known enterprises, as well as foreign high-level management and professional and technical personnel recognized by the Relevant Departments of the People's Government at or above the Municipal with setting Districts；

2国内重点发展领域、行业引进的外籍人才和创新创业团队成员；

Foreign Talents and Innovative Entrepreneurship Team Members Introduced from Domestic Key Development Areas and Industries；

3有重大突出贡献以及国家特别需要的外国人推荐的其工作团队外籍成员和科研辅助人员；

Foreign members and scientific research assistants of the working team recommended by foreigners with significant outstanding contributions and special needs of the country；

4已连续两次办理1年以上工作类居留许可，无违法违规行为，第三次申请办理工作类居留许可的外国人；

Foreigners who have applied for more than one year work-related residence permits for the third time without any violation of laws and regulations;

5在国内重点高等院校获得本科以上学历的外籍优秀留学生，毕业后在中国从事创新创业活动的。

Excellent foreign students with bachelor's degree or above in key domestic institutions of higher learning engage in innovative and entrepreneurial activities in China after graduation.

五个类别中，覆盖人群最广的是第四类人才。实践中，1年以上工作类居留许可不难申请到。因此，凡是在华工作的外国人，无论学历、收入、工作和居住时间如何，基本上只要连续两次办理工作类居留许可，就可以在下一次申办时申办最长5年期工作类居留许可。

Among the five categories, the fourth category covers the widest population. In practice, it is not difficult to apply for a residence permit for more than one year. Therefore, all foreigners working in China, regardless of their educational background, income, work and residence time, can apply for a residence permit of up to five years in the next bid as long as they have two consecutive working-type residence permits.

前三类人才的认定标准中涉及多个概念，其所指还要看各地的具体规定。例如，在试点地区的实践中，“创新创业团队成员”不只要求申请人参与创新创业，更要求申请人在战略性新兴产业等领域就职，并且在企业中担任中高层职务或持股5%以上。

There are many concepts involved in the first three categories of personnel identification criteria, and they also depend on the specific provisions of different regions.For example, in the practice of pilot areas, "members of innovation and entrepreneurship team" not only require applicants to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship, but also require applicants to take up positions in strategic emerging industries and other fields, and He holds senior and middle-level positions or holds more than 5% of shares in enterprises.

三、外籍学生居留、签证便利及其他便利政策

Policies on Residence, Visa Facility and Other Facilities for Foreign Students

除了便利工作人士，新政还特别赋予外籍学生在签证和居留上的优待。

In addition to facilitating working people, the New Policy also gives foreign students special preferential treatment in visas and residence.

1首先，新政为境外高校外籍学生来华实习提供了便利。国内知名企事业单位邀请来华实习的境外高校外籍学生，可以申办有效期1年的签证。根据政府间协议来华实习的境外高校外籍学生，可以申办工作类居留许可。

First of all, the new policy provides convenience for foreign students from overseas universities to come to China for internship. Foreign students from overseas universities invited by well-known domestic enterprises and institutions to practice in China may apply for visas valid for one year. Foreign students from overseas universities who come to China for internship under intergovernmental agreements may apply for work-related residence permits.

2其次，新政还鼓励外籍学生在华创新创业。国际知名高校毕业的外籍学生，毕业后2年内来中国创新创业的，可以申办最长2年期的居留许可。在国内重点高等院校获得本科以上学历的外籍优秀留学生，毕业后在中国从事创新创业活动的，可以申办有效期2至5年的居留许可。

Secondly, the new policy also encourages foreign students to innovate and start businesses in China. Foreign students who graduate from internationally renowned universities and come to China for innovation and entrepreneurship within two years after graduation may apply for a residence permit of up to two years. Excellent foreign students with bachelor's degree or above who engage in innovative and entrepreneurial activities in China after graduation may apply for a residence permit valid for 2 to 5 years.

3此外，新政还首次打破对外国人兼职的限制，允许在国内重点高校、科研院所和知名企业工作的外籍高层次人才兼职创新创业。新政也允许在华工作的外国人，已办妥工作许可、来不及出境办理工作签证的，直接申办工作类居留许可。新政还提出探索在外国人较集中地区建立移民事务服务中心，为常住外国人提供法律援助、语言文化等服务。

In addition, for the first time, the New Policy has broken the restrictions on part-time employment of foreigners, allowing foreign high-level talents working in key universities, scientific research institutes and well-known enterprises to part-time innovate and start businesses. The New Policy also allows foreigners working in China to apply for work-related residence permits directly if they have completed their work permits and are too late to go abroad for work visas. The new policy also proposes to explore the establishment of immigration service centers in areas where foreigners are concentrated, providing legal aid, language and culture services for permanent foreigners.

  本次新政中，外籍高层次人才和外籍华人被给予厚待，外籍学生和在华工作的一般外国人也获益明显。对于单位来说，新政可以激发外国人来华工作热情，且方便了单位从国外招募实习生。新政还打破了任职类申请人的任职单位类别要求，使普通企业可以与政府部门、高新技术企业等在人才市场上平等竞争。

In this new policy, foreign high-level talents and Chinese of foreign nationality have been given generous treatment, and foreign students and ordinary foreigners working in China have also benefited significantly. For units, the new policy can stimulate the enthusiasm of foreigners to work in China and facilitate the recruitment of interns from abroad. The new policy also breaks down the requirement of the type of employing units of job applicants, enabling ordinary enterprises to compete equally with government departments and high-tech enterprises in the talent market.

由于新政对各类人才认定标准的表述相当概括，单位和外籍员工，需要对未来各地的具体实施政策保持密切关注。同时，新政不是简单复制，而是总结调整了试点地区政策。因此，即使是试点地区内的单位和外籍员工，也应关注新政与本地试点政策的不同之处，并留意本地政策的后续变化。

As the new policy has a fairly general description of all kinds of personnel identification standards, units and foreign employees need to pay close attention to the specific implementation policies in the future. At the same time, the New Deal is not a simple replication, but a summary and adjustment of the pilot regional policies. Therefore, even the units and foreign employees in the pilot area should pay attention to the differences between the new policy and the local pilot policy, and pay attention to the follow-up changes of the local policy.