01 疫情期间，在华留学生Tom在境外社交媒体发布谣言造成恶劣影响后，被学校按规定开除学籍。当地公安出入境机关除了依法注销其学习居留许可外，还可能对他作出何种决定？ 

01 During the epidemic, Tom, an international student in China, was expelled from the school according to regulations after he posted rumors on overseas social media, which caused a bad impact. In addition to canceling his study and residence permit in accordance with the law, what kind of decision may the local public security entry and exit agency make against him?

答案：限期出境   

《出境入境管理法》第八十一条第一款

外国人从事与停留居留事由不相符的活动，或者有其他违反中国法律、法规规定，不适宜在中国境内继续停留居留情形的，可以处限期出境。

A: Departure within a limited time

Article 81 Paragraph 1 of the Exit and Entry Administration Law

Foreigners who engage in activities that are inconsistent with the reasons for stay or residence, or have other circumstances that violate Chinese laws and regulations and are not suitable for continued stay or residence in China, may be subject to a time limit to leave the country.

02被处限期出境后，Tom拒不离境，接下来他还可能受到何种处理？

02 After being given a time limit to leave the country, Tom refused to leave the country, what else might he be dealt with next?

答案：遣送出境   

《出境入境管理法》第六十二条

外国人有下列情形之一的，可以遣送出境： 

（一）被处限期出境，未在规定期限内离境的；

（二）有不准入境情形的； 

（三）非法居留、非法就业的； 

（四）违反本法或者其他法律、行政法规需要遣送出境的。

 其他境外人员有前款所列情形之一的，可以依法遣送出境。

A: Repatriation

Article 62 of the Exit and Entry Administration Law

Foreigners can be deported out of the country under any of the following circumstances:

(1) Being sentenced to leave the country within a specified time limit and failing to leave the country within the specified time limit;

(2) There are circumstances where entry is not allowed;

(3) Illegal residence or illegal employment;

(4) Violating this law or other laws or administrative regulations and requiring repatriation.

Other overseas personnel who have one of the circumstances listed in the preceding paragraph may be repatriate out of the country in accordance with the law.

03 另一名外国人Jerry因刑事违法被依法判处有期徒刑并处罚金，人民法院还可能对他作出何种刑罚？

03 Another foreigner, Jerry, was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment and fined for criminal violations. What kind of punishment might the people's court impose on him?

答案：驱逐出境

《刑法》第三十五条

对于犯罪的外国人，可以独立适用或者附加适用驱逐出境。

A: Deportation

Article 35 of the Criminal Law

For foreigners who commit crimes, deportation can be applied independently or additionally.

从上述小测试可以看出，有三种与“出境”相关的处罚措施，那么，它们之间有何关联与区别，今天，小编就来带大家一起梳理下与“出境”有关的3个法律名词。

From the above quiz, we can see that there are three types of penalties related to "Exit". Then, what are the connections and differences between them? Today, let's sort out the three legal terms related to "Exit".

限期出境 

Departure within a limited time

     限期出境适用于违反治安管理的外国人，是一种治安管理处罚的附加处罚措施，属于行政处罚，是指给被处罚人一个明确的出境最后期限，限其在规定的最后期限到来之前离开，并不对违法行为人采取强制措施。

  The time limit for leaving the country is applicable to foreigners who violate public security management. It is an additional punishment for public security management penalties and belongs to an administrative penalty. It means to give the punished person a clear deadline to leave the country, restrict him to leave before the stipulated deadline arrives, and does not take coercive measures against the offender.

《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理条例》第三十三条规定：

     外国人被决定限期出境的，作出决定的机关应当在注销或者收缴其原出境入境证件后，为其补办停留手续并限定出境的期限。限定出境期限最长不得超过15日。

     然而，当事人如果在接到限期出境的处罚决定后不能在规定的期限内离境，则可以采取驱逐出境。驱逐出境可以对当事人采取强制带离等强制措施。但注意，这里的“驱逐出境”不同于“刑法”上的驱逐出境，仍属于“行政处罚”的范畴。

Article 33 of the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Entry and Exit of Aliens stipulates: 

     If a foreigner is decided to leave the country within a time limit, the agency that made the decision shall, after canceling or confiscating his original exit and entry documents, complete the formalities for his stay and limit the time limit for leaving the country. The longest time limit for exit shall not exceed 15 days.

However, if the party concerned cannot leave the country within the prescribed time limit after receiving the decision to leave the country within a specified time limit, he can take repatriation. Repatriation may take compulsory measures such as forcible removal from the party. But note that the "repatriation" here is different from the deportation in the "criminal law", and it still belongs to the category of "administrative punishment".

驱逐出境 

Repatriation

     驱逐出境是指强迫犯罪的外国人离开中国境内的刑罚方法。对于犯罪的外国人，可以独立适用或者附加适用驱逐出境。我国是一个独立的主权国家，在我国境内的一切外国人都必须遵守我国的法律。如果犯罪的外国人继续居留在我国的境内有害于我们国家和人民的利益，人民法院可以对其单独判处或者附加判处驱逐出境，以消除其在我国境内继续犯罪的可能性。

   Repatriation refers to a penalty method for forcing a criminal foreigner to leave China. For foreigners who commit crimes, repatriation can be applied independently or additionally. Our country is an independent sovereign country, and all foreigners in our country must abide by our laws. If the criminal foreigner's continued residence in our country is harmful to the interests of our country and the people, the people's court can sentence them individually or additionally sentence them to repatriation to eliminate the possibility of them continuing to commit crimes in our country.

驱逐出境的执行注意要点：

(1)对被驱逐出境的外国人持有的准予在我国居留的证件，一律收缴。对被驱逐出境的外国人，执行机关必须查验其本人的有效护照或者其他替代护照的身份证件，以及过境国家或者地区的有效签证。

(2)被驱逐出境的外国人的机票、车票、船票的费用由本人负担。本人负担不了的，也不属于按协议由我国单位提供旅费的，须由其本国使、领馆负责解决。对使、领馆拒绝承担费用的或者在华无使、领馆的，由我国政府承担。

(3)负责具体执行的公安机关，应当按确定的期限立即执行。

(4)对被驱逐出境的外国人，其出境的口岸应事先确定，就近安排。执行机关应当事先与出境口岸公安机关和边防检查站联系，通报被强制出境的人员的情况，抵达口岸时间、交通工具班次、出境乘用的航班号、车次、时间，以及其他与协助执行有关的事项。出境口岸公安机关和边防检查站应当协助安排有关出境事项。

(5)执行人员要监督被驱逐出境的外国人登上交通工具并离境后方可离开。从边境通道出境的，要监督其离开我国国境后方可离开。

Points for attention in the execution of repatriation:

(1) All documents permitting residence in my country held by expelled foreigners shall be confiscated. For foreigners who are repatriated from the country, the enforcement agency must check their valid passports or other identity documents that replace their passports, as well as valid visas of the transit country or region.

(2) The cost of air tickets, bus tickets, and ferry tickets for foreigners who are repatriated shall be borne by themselves. If the person cannot afford it, nor does it belong to the travel expenses provided by the Chinese unit in accordance with the agreement, it must be settled by the embassy or consulate of the country. If the embassy or consulate refuses to bear the expenses or if there is no embassy or consulate in my country, the Chinese government shall bear it.

(3) The public security organ responsible for the specific execution shall immediately execute it within the determined time limit.

(4) For foreigners who are repatriated, the port of departure shall be determined in advance and arrangements shall be made nearby. The enforcement agency shall contact the public security agency at the exit port and the border inspection station in advance. Announce the situation of the persons who are repatriated, the time of arrival at the port, the number of vehicles, the number of the departure flight, the number of trains, and the time, and other matters related to the implementation of assistance. The public security organs and border checkpoints at exit ports shall assist in arranging relevant exit matters.

(5) The executive officer shall supervise the expelled foreigners boarding and leaving the country before leaving. Those who leave the country through the border crossing must be supervised to leave the country before leaving.

遣送出境 Deportation

遣送出境：对一般非法入境者的处理，是一种行政强制措施。

《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》第六十二条规定：

外国人有下列情形之一的，可以遣送出境：

(一)被处限期出境，未在规定期限内离境的;

(二)有不准入境情形的;

(三)非法居留、非法就业的;

(四)违反本法或者其他法律、行政法规需要遣送出境的。

其他境外人员有前款所列情形之一的，可以依法遣送出境。被遣送出境的人员，自被遣送出境之日起一至五年内不准入境。

Deportation: The handling of ordinary illegal immigrants is an administrative coercive measure.

Article 62 of the Exit and Entry Administration Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates:

Foreigners can be deported out of the country under any of the following circumstances:

(1) Being sentenced to leave the country within a specified time limit and failing to leave the country within the specified time limit;

(2) There are circumstances where entry is not allowed;

(3) Illegal residence or illegal employment;

(4) Violating this law or other laws or administrative regulations and requiring deportation.

Other overseas personnel who have one of the circumstances listed in the preceding paragraph may be deported out of the country according to law. Persons deported from the country shall not be allowed to enter the country within one to five years from the date of deportation.

《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理条例》第三十二条: 

     外国人被遣送出境所需的费用由本人承担。本人无力承担的，属于非法就业的，由非法聘用的单位、个人承担;属于其他情形的，由对外国人在中国境内停留居留提供保证措施的单位或者个人承担。遣送外国人出境，由县级以上地方人民政府公安机关或者出入境边防检查机关实施。

Article 32 of the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Entry and Exit of Aliens: 

    The expenses required for the deportation of foreigners shall be borne by themselves. If the person cannot afford it, the illegal employment shall be borne by the illegal employment unit or individual; in other circumstances, it shall be borne by the unit or individual that provides guarantee measures for foreigners’ stay and residence in China. The deportation of foreigners shall be carried out by the public security organs of the local people's governments at or above the county level or the border inspection organs for entry and exit.

注 Note

(1)对判处独立适用驱逐出境刑罚的外国人，人民法院应当自该判决生效之日起15日内，将对该犯的刑事判决书、执行通知书的副本交会所在地省级公安机关，由省级公安机关指定的公安机关执行。

(2)被判处徒刑的外国人，其主刑执行期满后应执行驱逐出境附加刑的，应在主刑刑期届满的1个月前，由原羁押监狱的主管部门将该犯的原判决书、执行通知书副本或者复印本送交所在地省级公安机关，由省级公安机关指定的公安机关执行。

(1) For a foreigner who is sentenced to an independent application of the deportation penalty, the people's court shall, within 15 days from the effective date of the judgment, submit a copy of the criminal judgment and execution notice to the provincial public security organ in the place where it is located. It shall be executed by the public security agency designated by the provincial public security agency.

(2) If a foreigner sentenced to imprisonment is subject to the additional punishment of deportation after the expiration of his principal sentence, the competent department of the prison in which he was originally detained shall, one month before the expiration of his principal sentence, send the copy or photocopy of his original judgment and notice of execution to the local public security organ at the provincial level. It shall be executed by the public security agency designated by the provincial public security agency.