怎么申请美国工卡、回美证、Combo卡?

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2022年3月美国移民局出台的新政除了EB5预留签证的政策,另一个利好就是可以实现I-526E和I-485的“双递交”。“双递交”的意义就是可以让申请人,在申请美国移民过程中,在正式绿卡下来前,可以提前登陆美国生活、居住、工作和学习,解决了申请周期过长,无法登陆等问题。这种方式非常适合在美国留学生,毕业后不需要办理OPT实习和H-1B工作签证,拿到Combo卡后就可以找工作,不受雇主和工签抽签的约束。今天的话题是:关于美国工卡、回美证、Combo卡。

美国Combo卡最近在移民圈内讨论度很高,那什么是Combo卡呢?顾名思义就是组合卡的意思。美国移民局发放的Combo Card实际上指的是EAD工卡和回美证(Advanced Parole)的组合卡,同时具备了EAD工卡和回美证的功能。EAD是Employment Authorization Document的缩写,意思是工作许可证,简称:工卡。持有EAD工卡意味着持卡人已经获得美国移民局的许可,可以在美国合法工作。适用人群为:OPT、J-2身份的申请人、或已递交I-485身份调整申请的且正处于等待处理状态中的申请人。回美证即Advance Parole,英文直译就是指“提前豁免”,是签发给在美国没有永久居民身份(绿卡)的外国人的,可以让他们在没有签证的情况下离开美国后再次直接进入美国境内。

回美证(Advance Parole,AP)跟旅行证(Re-entry Permit)是完全不一样的。Re-entry Permit是签发给绿卡或临时绿卡持有人的。适用于想要在美国境外停留超过一年以上的合法永久居民或附有条件的永久居民。想要出境,却又无法从他们国籍所在国取得护照的合法永久居民或附有条件的永久居民。而回美证(AP)是发给尚未获得绿卡或临时绿卡的外国人。

细数美国EAD工卡各类Category,工卡的类别呢,就是EAD卡正面一个以字母开头+数字的东西(例如:C33),见下图:

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例如:(A18)为跨国公司内部调职员(L-1)的配偶/子女,(C03B) 为常规F1 OPT,(C03C) 为STEM F-1学生 OPT,(C09)是婚姻绿卡申请审理过程中获得的工卡,(C26) 为H-4在其H1B配偶获得I-140批准以后获得的工卡,DACA属于(C33),等待审理中的政治庇护者为(C08),被承认的庇护者属于(A05)……等等 。

以下是大鹤整理的美国移民局给出的工卡各类别详细说明:

A02:A lawful temporary resident pursuant to sections 245A or 210 of the INA

A03:Refugee

A04:Paroled as refugee

A05:Asylee (granted asylum)

A06:K-1 nonimmigrant fiancé(e) of U.S.citizen(USC);K-2 child of K-1

A07:N-8 Parent of international organization employee granted permanent residence;N-9 Dependent Child of international organization employee granted permanent residence

A08:Citizen of Micronesia,the Marshall slands or Palau admitted as a nonimmigrant

A09:K-3 nonimmigrant spouse of USC K-4 child of K-3

A10:Granted Withholding of Deportation or Removal

A11:Deferred Enforced Departure(DED)

A12:Temporary Protected Status(TPS)granted under 8CFR 244.12

A13:IMMACT Family Unity beneficiary (Section 301 of the lmmigration Act of 1990)

A14:LIFE Act Family Unity beneficiary (Section 1504 of the Legal Immigrant Family Equity(LIFE) Act Amendments)

A15:

V-1 Spouse of Lawful Permanent Resident

V-2 Minor unmarried child of Lawful Permanent Resident

V-3 Minor unmarried child of V-1or V-2

A16:T-1 nonimmigrant (victims of severe form of trafficking)

A17:

Spouse of E-1/E-2 Treaty Trader/Investor

Spouse of E-3 specialty occupation professional from Australia

A18:

L-2 spouse of an L-1 intracompany transfer(L-1: Individuals in the U.S. who have been transferred from a subsidiary,affiliate, or branch office overseas to the U.S. to work in an executive,managerial or specialized knowledge capacity

A19:U-1 nonimmigrant (victims of certain criminal activity)

A20

U-2 spouse of U-1 aliens

U-3 children of U-1 aliens

U-4 parents of minor U-1 aliens (16 or under)

U-5 unmarried sibling under age 18 of U-1 alien under age 21

C01:Dependent of A-1 or A-2 foreign government official

C02:Dependent of TECRO(Taipei Economic and Cultural

Representative Office) E-1nonimmigrant

C03A:Pre-completion OPT F-1 students

C03B:Post-completion OPT F-1 students

C03C:17 month extension for Science,Technology, Engineering,or Mathematics(STEM) OPT students

C03(ii):F-1 student offered off-campus employment under the Sponsorship of Qualifying International Organization

C03(iii):F-1 student seeking off-campus employment due to severe economic hardship

C04:Spouse or unmarried dependent child of G-1, G-3 or G-4 nonimmigrant (Representative of International Organization and their dependents)

C05:J-2 spouse or minor child of a J-1 exchange visitor

C06:M-1 student seeking practical training after completing studies

C07:Dependent of NATO-1through NATO-7 nonimmigrant

C08:Asylum applicant (w/ pending asylum application) who filed for asylum on or after January 4,1995

C09:Adjustment of status applicant

C10:Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) section 203 applicants Applicant for suspension of deportation Applicant for cancellation of removal

C11:An alien paroled into the United States in the public interest or temporarily for emergency reasons

C12:Spouse of an E-2Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) investor; eligible for employment in theCNMI only

C14:Alien granted deferred action

C16:Registry applicant based on continuous residence since January 1,1972

C17(i):B-1 nonimmigrant who is the personal or domestic servant of a nonimmigrant employer

C17(iii):B-1 nonimmigrant employed by foreign airline

C18:Alien with a final order of deportation/order of supervision;

C19:Temporary Protected Status applicant under8 CFR 244.5

C20:Alien who has filed a completed legalization application for special agricultural workers

C22:Alien who has filed a completed legalization application under INA 245A

C24:LIFE legalization applicant

C25:T-2 spouse of T-1,victim of trafficking

T-3 child of T-1

T-4 parent of T-1(if T-1 is under age 21)

C31:Principal beneficiary of an approved VAWA self-petition Qualified child of a beneficiary of an approved VAWA self-petition

C33:An alien who has been granted Deferred Action for Childhood  Arrivals (DACA)   

有关Combo卡的常见问题

问题一、大鹤您好!用Combo卡可以随意进出美国吗?

美国签证找大鹤解答:Combo卡不是绿卡,只能说是在等待1-485的审理期间,即绿卡等待期间,美国移民局给予申请人的合法工作许可。用Combo卡也并不是随心所欲地进出美国。用AP入境自动触发Secondary Inspection,会被入境官员拉到一旁的单独房间审查移民状态。俗称“关小黑屋”,时间长短不等。每一次入境都会检查你在美国境内的状态。

问题二、大鹤您好!在没收到Combo卡之前是否可以离境?

美国签证找大鹤解答:在收到批准Combo卡的申请后才能离境。如果离境前身份为F类(学生)、B类(游客)等,则申请人的I-485算作自动放弃(回美需要在combo卡有效期之内返回美国,否则I-485算作废)。

问题三、大鹤您好!申请Combo卡需要哪些资料?

美国签证找大鹤解答:1、I-131表格(返美证,拿到绿卡前若要出境,可以以此入境美国);I-131表格( 由受益人填写);护照首页以及签证复印件;I-94记录;护照规格照片2张

2、I-765表格(工卡,在身份调整期间,可以合法工作);I-765表格;护照首页以及签证复印件;护照规格照片2张

问题四、大鹤您好!需要多长时间能拿到EAD工卡?

美国签证找大鹤解答:处理EAD申请通常需要3-6个月的时间(收卡前会有背景调查)。

问题五、大鹤您好!交EAD申请后,如果急于使用EAD,应该怎么办?

美国签证找大鹤解答:可申请一个临时EAD,到当地移民局办公室带上相关文件办理。

问题六、大鹤您好!EAD要过期了,何时可更新?

美国签证找大鹤解答:EAD过期日之前6个月提交更新申请。

问题七、大鹤您好!Combo卡的有效期有多久?

美国签证找大鹤解答:Combo卡有效期为一般为一年,renew通常也是1年,但有机会获得2年有效期,因人而异。

我是大鹤,读音dahe,从2005年起,致力于研究美国签证全方位策划、入境风险规避;精通申请美签的规范流程,B1签证,B2签证,F1签证,DS160填写奥秘,润色加分DS160表,申请美国签证面谈加分策划,美国工卡,绿卡,商婚,H1B工签,K1签证,J1签证,L1签证,政庇,U类签,EB1A,NIW,EB1C,EB3,EB5,美签拒签原因查询,美国工作安排,美国公民婚姻资源对接,雇主担保移民,赴美生子全程协助,各类美国签证以及出境入境的方案策略(避免遭遇遣返),全球接单!

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美签被拒签了怎么办?