美签被拒签了怎么办?

很多客户在咨询过程中分不清团聚类居留许可和私人事务类居留许可，为了让大家快速区分出这两者的不同，大鹤今天给大家做出以下归纳总结。

Many clients are unable to distinguish between reunion residence permits and private affairs residence permits during the consultation process. In order to let you quickly distinguish their differences, Dahe respectively gives you the following summary.

居留许可是允许外籍人士在中国境内长期居留（一般指六个月以上）的许可凭证。2005年开始启用，取代了之前的居留证。外籍人士可凭有效期内的居留许可不限次数进出中国大陆。

Residence permit is a certificate that allows foreigners to stay in China for a long time (generally over six months). It came into operation in 2005, replacing the previous residence permit. Foreigners are allowed to enter and leave the Chinese mainland any number of times with their valid residence permits.

私人事务类 Private Affairs

很多在华的外国工作人员，申请的工作类居留许可之后，也需要为他们的随行家属（父母、配偶或者子女）申请在华签证，而私人事务类居留许可，就是满足他们的需求。一般来说，所申请私人事务类居留许可的有效期，可以与就业者所持的工作类居留许可有效期一致。

Many foreign workers in China also need to help their accompanying family members (parents, spouses or childrens) apply for visas after applying for residence permits for work, and residence permits for personal affairs can meet their needs. Generally speaking, the validity period of the residence permit for personal affairs applied for may be the same as that of the residence permit for work held by the foreign workers.

团聚类 Reunion

长期探望在华中国公民、具有永久居留资格的外国人的外籍家庭成员，家庭成员包括配偶、父母、配偶的父母、子女、兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女，以及子女的配偶。

团聚类居留许可的有效期，视外国人家属的条件而定。若家属为本地户籍居民，外国人最长可获批两年有效期的居留许可。若家属为非本地户籍居民，居留许可有效期则与家属的当地居住证有效期保持一致。

Foreign family members who visit Chinese citizens and foreigners with permanent residence status in China on a long-term basis, including spouses, parents, spouses' parents, children, brothers and sisters, grandparents, maternal grandparents, grandchildren and grandchildren, and children's spouses.

The period of validity of the residence permit for reunion shall depend on the conditions of the family members of the aliens. A residence permit valid for up to two years may be granted to a foreigner whose family member is a local resident. If the family member is a non-resident resident, the residence permit will be valid for the same period as the family member's local residence permit. If the family member is a non-resident resident, the residence permit will be valid for the same period as the family member's local residence permit

这两类居留许可的有效期都不能超过本人护照有效期。特别要注意的是，年满18周岁的子女，不能申请私人事务类居留许可；团聚类居留许可则没有这个年龄限制。但以上两类符合条件的外国人家属，都必须提供相关亲属关系证明文件，例如结婚证、出生证明等（国内出具的关系证明可直接使用，但若是国外出具的证明必须经过中国驻国外的大使馆或者领事馆认证）。

The validity period of these two types of residence permits cannot exceed the validity period of my passport. It should be noted that children over the age of 18 cannot apply for private affairs residence permits; There is no age limit for reunion residence permits. However, both types of eligible foreign family members must provide relevant proof of kinship, such as marriage certificates, birth certificates, etc(certificates of domestic relations can be used directly, but certificates issued abroad must be authenticated by Chinese embassies or consulates abroad).